Why is it important to select the correct cutting speed in machining?

Selecting the correct cutting speed in machining is crucial because it directly impacts tool wear and surface finish quality. The cutting speed refers to how fast the cutting tool moves relative to the material being machined. If the speed is too high, it can lead to excessive heat generation, which may cause the tool to wear rapidly and result in poor surface finishes on the workpiece. Conversely, if the speed is too low, it can lead to inadequate cutting action and increased friction, also negatively affecting the finish and overall machining efficiency. Therefore, establishing an optimal cutting speed helps to maintain the balance between effective material removal, tool longevity, and the desired surface integrity of the finished part.